India Adult Vaccine Market Size

The adult vaccine market in India presents a unique landscape when compared to global trends, characterized by distinct market dynamics and priorities. While vaccines for diseases like influenza, pneumococcal infections, and HPV dominate the global market due to their widespread implementation and strong public awareness, India’s adult vaccine market has historically been less developed in these areas. However, the market is steadily growing, driven by increased attention on diseases such as hepatitis and pneumococcal infections.

Globally, significant investments have been made in expanding the range of adult vaccines, including those for shingles and meningococcal disease. In India, however, the focus has primarily been on tackling more urgent health challenges, such as tuberculosis and hepatitis, while broadening the reach of vaccinations for these prevalent conditions. Despite the positive progress in the sector, India’s adult vaccine market still faces hurdles, including lower vaccination rates and narrower coverage compared to high-income nations. As the market continues to evolve, addressing these challenges will be key to improving adult immunization coverage and enhancing public awareness across the country.

India's aging population has grown substantially over the last five decades, yet the demand for adult vaccines remains relatively underserved. This gap in the adult vaccine market represents a significant opportunity for growth. By investing in comprehensive adult immunization programs, India can not only improve public health outcomes but also generate economic benefits, such as boosting workforce productivity and lowering long-term healthcare expenses related to preventable diseases.

India’s total healthcare expenditure, estimated at INR 2,000,000 crore, includes contributions from the government, private sector, out-of-pocket payments, and non-governmental organizations. Within this vast healthcare ecosystem, expanding adult vaccine coverage could play a crucial role in reducing future healthcare costs by preventing disease outbreaks and more effectively managing age-related health risks. This approach would not only benefit individuals but also positively impact the broader economy.

Global Adult Vaccine Except for COVID-19 by Value (USD Bn), 2023

Key Segments Driving the India Adult Vaccine Market

Influenza: Influenza vaccines are a dominant segment in the adult vaccine market, owing to their annual requirement and increased awareness around respiratory diseases. In 2023, influenza vaccines continue to see high demand, particularly among high-risk groups in India and other developing nations.

Pneumococcal Disease: Pneumococcal vaccines are critical for preventing serious conditions like pneumonia and meningitis. Their adoption is rising, especially among older adults in developed markets, thereby driving growth in the global vaccine market.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV): The inclusion of HPV vaccines in adult vaccination programs to prevent HPV-related cancers is expanding. As awareness grows, the demand for HPV vaccines in India is expected to rise, supported by government initiatives.

Hepatitis A & B: Vaccines for Hepatitis A and B are seeing significant market traction due to increased public awareness and vaccination campaigns across India. These vaccines are gaining traction in both high-income and middle-income segments.

Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap): Tdap vaccines have a stable presence in the market, particularly with recommendations for booster doses for adults and pregnant women, further driving their demand within India’s adult vaccine landscape.

Shingles (Herpes Zoster): The shingles vaccine segment is expanding, driven by the aging population in developed regions. Growing acceptance and the establishment of immunization schedules are fueling the growth of shingles vaccines globally.

Although COVID-19 vaccines accounted for a large portion of the vaccine market in 2022, making up more than 50% of global vaccine sales, non-COVID vaccines, including influenza and tetanus-diphtheria, have maintained steady demand. Additionally, measles-rubella vaccines have seen an uptick due to ongoing catch-up immunization efforts. The overall growth of adult vaccine trends in India is likely to be shaped by similar dynamics.

Need for Adult Vaccination in India Amidst Rising Health Challenges

Neglect of Adult Vaccinations: Adults often overlook vaccines, especially when the perceived risk is low, and many may have lost immunity or never received vaccinations. In India, vaccination is often only sought due to travel requirements or specific health conditions.

Recommended Vaccines and Guidelines: There are around 85 FDA-approved vaccines for 29 diseases. The CDC recommends vaccines for 15 diseases, including influenza, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and more. The Association of Physicians of India also recommends a similar schedule with the addition of a typhoid vaccine. Most vaccines are recommended based on age and specific criteria rather than universally for all adults.

Investments and Recommendations in Public Health Initiatives

• The allocation of INR 44,160 crore for vaccines is a major public health investment aimed at improving and sustaining immunization efforts, especially in the context of extensive COVID-19 vaccination campaigns.

• Ayushman Bharat stands as the world's largest government-funded health insurance program, offering coverage to nearly 55 crore people from vulnerable backgrounds. Since its inception, over 26,000 hospitals, including more than 11,000 private ones, have been added to the program, enabling 6.2 crore free hospital admissions.

• In June 2024, health and education experts advised the Finance Minister to address the issue of low reimbursement rates within the Ayushman Bharat scheme and to consider providing adult vaccinations at subsidized costs.

Key Regulatory Bodies for Vaccine Approval in India

• Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO): CDSCO is India’s national authority for evaluating drug safety, efficacy, and quality, overseeing the approval of biologics and new drugs. It operates under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 and its 1945 Rules, with the Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI) at its helm.

• Department of Biotechnology (DBT): DBT is responsible for creating and pre-clinically assessing recombinant biologics via the Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM). It works with CDSCO to ensure the safety and efficacy of new biologic products.

• National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization (NTAGI): NTAGI advises on new vaccines and the expansion of the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP), supports research to fill knowledge gaps, and monitors immunization program implementation and effectiveness.

Advancements and Innovations in Vaccine Delivery Systems

• Nano Patch Technology: Nano patch technology offers a needle-free delivery system for medicines, reducing patient anxiety and costs. It can be used in edible forms, inhalers, or skin patches. Vaxxas Inc. is developing a nano patch with vaccine-coated micro projections that deliver vaccine material directly to immune cells in the skin.

• Advantages of Nanoparticle-Based Vaccines: Nanoparticle-based vaccines are gaining attention for their potential to enhance immunization, efficacy, and targeted delivery. For instance, a nanoparticle vaccine developed at Tel Aviv University for melanoma has shown higher efficacy and delayed disease progression compared to traditional treatments.

The proportion of Doses of Vaccines used in Each Income Group that is classified as Adult, 2022

Overview of Adult Vaccination by Income Group

Global Trends: In 2021, the global average for adult vaccinations (excluding COVID-19) was about 16.2 doses per 100 adults, highlighting significant disparities.

Impact of COVID-19: The pandemic led to a significant decrease in the administration of routine adult vaccines, worsening already low adoption rates.

Income Group Disparities: High HDI countries saw progress before the pandemic but experienced declines afterward, while medium and low HDI countries, such as India and parts of Africa, faced substantial setbacks.

Investment: Funding for adult vaccines is minimal compared to total pharmaceutical expenditure, revealing a notable gap relative to pediatric vaccines.

Health Outcomes: Improved adult vaccination rates enhance health outcomes, reducing hospitalizations and mortality. Each investment in adult vaccines is estimated to yield multiple times its value in health benefits and cost savings.

Future of India’s Adult Vaccine Market

India’s adult vaccine market is poised for growth driven by increasing awareness and government initiatives. Rising health challenges, such as chronic diseases and infectious outbreaks, coupled with an aging population, will likely boost vaccine demand. Expanding vaccination programs and improved access to healthcare are expected to enhance market penetration. Additionally, advancements in vaccine technology and increased funding for adult immunization will contribute to market expansion, addressing gaps and improving public health outcomes.

Scope of Work for the India Adult Vaccine Market

Makreo Research presents a comprehensive report titled "India Adult Vaccine Market Size and Opportunities - Vaccination Coverage, Demand, Vaccines in Pipeline, and Competitive Analysis," offering an in-depth analysis of the market dynamics across India. This report assesses the impact of the country’s diverse economic, geographic, and healthcare landscapes, providing a detailed evaluation of both historical and current market performance, with a focus on key segments such as various disease categories and corresponding vaccines.

The report evaluates the influence of technological advancements and identifies key trends, including vaccine demand patterns based on disease prevalence in India. It further examines the factors driving market demand, such as healthcare facilities, vaccination programs, and the role of key end-user sectors. The analysis also includes an evaluation of vaccine demand and effectiveness in addressing public health concerns, alongside relevant government policies and regulations that shape market growth and development.

Additionally, the report offers an extensive analysis of the major players in the Indian adult vaccine market, including prominent companies such as Merck Group, Pfizer Ltd., Sanofi Pasteur, Serum Institute of India, and Bharat Biotech. It provides an in-depth review of these companies, covering recent vaccine developments, innovations, and detailed company profiles, offering stakeholders valuable insights into the competitive landscape and future opportunities within the market.

Market Assessment

The report delivers a thorough analysis of the India Adult Vaccine market, examining a range of market-related factors and offering valuable insights. It covers segment-wise dynamics, historical and current market performance, and relevant government initiatives and investments.

The report categorizes the market by types of vaccines, by states, by income groups and assesses the impact of technological advancements and innovations. It also provides an overview of investment trends and project costs, along with regional or state-wise developments across the reason.

1. How is the vaccine market in India currently performing?

2. What are the anticipated revenue figures for the Indian vaccine market in the upcoming years?

3. What are the primary factors driving growth in the Indian vaccine market?

4. How does India's vaccine production capacity measure up against global standards?

5. What is the significance of the Universal Immunization Program (UIP) in the distribution of vaccines in India?

6. What major challenges do vaccine manufacturers in India encounter?

7. In what ways has the COVID-19 pandemic influenced vaccine development and distribution in India?

8. What is the regulatory landscape governing vaccine production and distribution in India?

9. Who are the leading companies in the Indian vaccine market?

10. What trends are emerging in consumer demand for vaccines in India?

11. How does the cost of vaccine production in India compare to that in other developing nations?

12. What support is the Indian government providing for vaccine research and development?

13. What future innovations are anticipated in the Indian vaccine sector?